Walter e



PNEUMATIC TIRE W. E. SHIVELY Filed Aug June 5, 1923.

www

Y I30 vention, and

Patented June 5, '1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALTER EsHIvELY, vor AKRON, onro, Assisi-IonTo THE AGOODYEAR Tran a RUBBER COMPANY, or AKRON, omo, A conronATIoN oromo. v

- rNnUivrATrc TIRE.

p Applicum; nea auguste, 1920.: kserial No. 406,255. l

To @ZZ whom 'it may concern: i

Be it known that I, WALTER E. Sian/snr, a citizen of the United States,residind at Akron, inthe county of Summit and ntatc of Ohio, have4invented newy and useful lm-` provements inv Pneumatic Tires, of whichthe, following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements yin pneumatic tire constructionandhas particular reference to tiresembodying a-fabrik cated carcass ofcordl or the like.

The invention resides broadlyin theconstruction and-aggrou ment of theelements which are so arrange .as to provide a structure possessing,vfrom an, operative standpoint, a higher degreeofeiiiciency anddurabilityv than is commonly found in tires embodying the usualconstruction. The 'particular objects, sought, together '."20 with theadvantages inherent in .thegstrucf ture itself, will become apparentfrom arpe- -rusal' of the` following specification', in the'y 'claims ofyivhich I have assembled and par-v ticularly pointed out lcertain'arrangements k andcombinations'of elements indicativefof the spiritofthe invention.

n the accompanyi drawing, Figure 1 represents a transverse sectionalviewof a 'tire constructed inaccordance with my "inf Figure 2 represents aldetail ytransverse section of a portion of theside wall of the tire. 'n

Referring tothe drawingsby numerals, 3

designates'the carcass. portiony of thetire which ris preferably afabricated structure of rubberized cordv fabric 4c, the cordsbeingarranged in sets of superposedylayers 5, as bestshown lin Figure 2 ofthe; drawing. 4 0 Preferably ,the` cords of the l fabric ineach set oflayers'are arranged in'parallelismand at an angle of approximately C, tothe plane of the tire, thecords-in each succeeding .set being arrangedto vcross the cords of the preceding set kat ysubstantially/a right*`angle with; respect thereto. f

This, arrangement ofl cordsl kneeds no fur-jl ther description as isAwell known in they art and, forms no particular partof the present 60invention whichis not restricted to any park ticular type of carcassconstructionand may be` practiced, in combinationy with ay tire car-`eassfornied of the usuallwoven fabric vorthe like.

One of the outer; of each se@ 12?@- 406,257,1i1edAug. 26,199.0.;` y fcoatings 7 preferably, only extend around the `carcassto 'approximatelythe'center of thelside walls, it being found unnecessary to extend themfurther owing to kthe reduc-y tion inthe friction occurring inthebeadportions of the carcass and the parts adja. cent thereto. "If desired, acoating 8, ofrub- Lfber, may alsobe employed upon the inner vwallof thecarcass, to reduce the friction between the carcass and the usual innertube,

v; Any well known type of-tread, ofa wear-` the numeral 9. This formoftread embodies a substantially fiat lroad engagingvnon-skid `surface 10,shouldered portions` 11, and ta#4 pered edge y flaps 12, and isdescribed iii-de- SerialNo;

tail in my co-pending application In building the remamlng structurefofmytire, after lthe carcass has beenbuilt, I

first arrange upon the tread portion of the carcassa breaker strip 13,0fkcoarse woven rubberized fabric,v that approximates in resisting rubbercomposition', may be employed inthe construction of my novel tire,

width the distance between the edges'of the {hips-12, yafter the treadhas been applied. Upon this breaker strip 13,1 superpose a cushion strip14:r ofv soft rubber or. rubber composition,` which overlapsl the edgesof thebreaker strip, vasy shown in the drawings,

and has its 'edges' abutting the respectivel inner layers ofthe sidewalls 15, The side walls 15 comprise, respectively,. two layers 1G 4 and16a, which are formed of a rubber compound suitable for producing avwear resisting as well asa iiexible cover yfor the side portions of thecarcass. Upon ythe cushvionstrip 141 next superpose aA double breakerstrip `formed yof two layers 17,and

18 'of fabric similar vin construction to that 4of the strip 13, anduponthis double breaker.

`strip lyarrange a second cushion stripy 19 of a `slightly hardercomposition of rubber'than the cushion 14e. Itwillfbe noted that theouter layer 18ofthe double'breaker strip is of less width than the layer17, and that the' latter strip is of 'jless width `than the breakerstrip13.. The second cushionstnp 19 preferably overlaps the respective outerves A third breaker strip 20, of similar con struction to thosepreviously described, 1s arranged upon the outer portion of the cushionstrip 19 and a cover element, of a less l,

resilient composition of rubber than the second cushion strip 19, isarranged contiguous the strip E20, `as indicated` at 21. The breakerstrip 20, as shown, is of less width than the preceding breaker stripsand the cover element 2l is so designed that its edges project beyondthe breaker strip 20 to points respectively in alignment with the edgesof the tread flaps 12 and the edges of the first breaker strip 13, wherethey abut the re-. spective outer edges of the outer side wall layers16a. If desired, the breaker strip 2O and the cover element may be oinedat their edgesl to their respective contiguous side wall layers 16 and1ba before the tire is built. Before assemblingthetread 9 and the.carcass structure and elements previously described, I prefer to utilizean under tread element 22formed of a strip of rubber com position ofrelatively less resiliency than that of the cover element 20, but ofgreater resiliency than the tread member 9. The edges` of this latterelement, as illustrated in Figure l, overlap kthe respective outerlayers 16 of the side walls and project beyond the edges of thevilaps 12into approximate horizontal alignment with the edges of the firstcushion strip 14.

,It will now be apparent that I have provided between the tread memberyand carcass portion of a tire, acushioning zone,ofgradu ated degreesofresiliency,that includes a plurality of elements, each of which,starting with the element contiguous the tread member; is composed ofrubber of relatively softer composition Vthan its superposed element,certain of the elements overlapping at their edges the layers of adouble side wall. Furthermore, I have embodied within this resilientzone a plurality of breaker elements graduated in width, the narrowestelement being arranged in proximity to the tread proper andapproximating in width the road contacting' surface thereof.

In actual practicev I have found that, in a tire constructed inaccordance with this invention, the. shocks and the effects of thedefor-mation ofi-the carcass and tread, due to load and driving thrust,areso distributed and-,diminished before they reach the carcass as toprevent ythe localization of stresses and strains along any ofthe linesofjuncture Ofthe sever-al elements. This, obviously, is a, materialadvancement in the tiremanufacturing art, inasmuch as it minimizes theliability of separation of the tire elements.

Moreover, the sheering action between ad# jacent elements of tires, asheretofore constructed, which is due to changes in the curvature of theelements when the tire is compressed, is reduced to a minimum by mypresent invention. Furthermore, the overlapping ofcertain of theelements with the layers of a double side wall, provides for a materialreinforcement at those portions of the carcass adjacent the edges of thetread where the maximum flexing action of the carcass usually occurs.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention,it is to be understood that various changes in form and modification ofstructure may be resorted to without departing from the scope ofv theappended claims.

lflfhat I claim is:

1. A pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a tread portion,said tire being constructed to provide a zone of graduated resiliencybetween the carcass and the tread, and a plurality of breaker elementsarranged at intervals Within said zone.

2. A pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a tread portion,said tire being constructed to provide a zone of gradu ated resiliencybetween the carcass and the tread, and a plurality of breaker elementsarranged in superposed spaced relation within said zone.

3. In a pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a treadyportion, a resilient element for joining the carcass and the treadportion together, said element increasing progressively in resiliencytoward its juncture with the carcass, and a plurality of breakerelements varranged in superposed spaced relation within the resilientelement.

4. In a pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a treadportion, a resilient element for joining the carcass and the treadportion together, said element increasing progressively in resiliencytoward its juncture lwith the carcass, a plurality of breaker elementsarranged in superposed spaced relation within the resilient element, andside walls constructed of layers, the respective outer edges of whichare disposed between the respective edges of said resilient element. j

5. In a pneumatic tire including .a fabricated carcass and a treadportion, a resilient element for joining the carcass and tread togethercomprising superposed layers increasing respectively in resiliencytoward the junction of said element and carcass, and a plurality ofbreaker elements arranged in superposed relation within said resilientelement. I

6. In a pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a treadportion, a resilient element for joining the carcass and tread portiontogether, said element increasing progressively in resiliency toward itsjuncture lwith the carcass portion, and a plurality of breaker stripsarranged in superposed relation within the element, said strips de- 7creasing respectively in width toward the tread portion. f

7. ln a pneumatic tire including a fabricated carcass and a treadportion9 a resilient element for joining the carcass and tread portiontogether7 said element increasing 8. In a pneumatic tire casingincluding `a fabricated carcass and a tread element, a' plurality ofsuperposed substantially cresent shaped cushion elements of yrelatively.different degrees of resiliency disposed between the carcass andthetread element, and

side walls for the carcass comprising respectively superposed layers,theouter edge portions of'the side wall layersand the edge portions of thecushionelementsbeing arranged iii overlapping relation.

I '9. 'In' a pneumatic tire casing including afaloricated carcass and atread element, a plurality of superposed substantially crescent shapedcushion elements successively decreasing in fresiliency land disposedbetween the carcass andthe ytread element, and side walls for thecarcass comprising-rey spectively superposed layers the outer edgeportions of the side walllayers and the edge portions ofthe cushionelements being ar.-v

ranged in overlapping relation.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto `signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses. n

WALTER E. siiiviiLY.

Witnesses: y L. M. HARTMAN,

J. E. KEATING.l f

